Ibn Rajab in Laṭāʾif al-Mʿārif categorises the one who fasts into two. The first, he says, is the one who leaves his food, drink and desires, for the sake of Allāh, and by doing so, he hopes for a compensation in Jannah. This is the one who has struck a deal with Allāh, and Allāh says, ﴾Indeed, We will not allow to be lost the reward of any who did well in deeds.﴿…
